Pterygium

 

Definition:


A pterygium is a growth of fibrous tissue on the conjunctiva of the eye that extends onto the cornea
.


Symptoms:


Most patients that present for a pterygium evaluation have a red, itchy,  irritated eye.  Blurred or changing vision can also be seen.  However some are asymptomatic. 


Prevalence:


In the US: Occurrence within the United States varies with geographical location. Within the continental United States, prevalence rates vary from less than 2% above the 40th parallel to 5-15% in latitudes between 28-36°. A relationship is thought to exist between increased prevalence and elevated levels of ultraviolet light exposure in the lower latitudes.

Risk factors:

Pterygia are reported to occur in males twice as frequently as in females ( this finding may represent an increased exposure to ultraviolet light).


Increased exposure to ultraviolet light, including living in subtropical and tropical climates.


Engaging in occupations that require outdoor activities, for example, fisherman/waterman, landscaper, etc


A genetic predisposition to the development of pterygia appears to exist in certain families.


Treatment:


The treatment for pterygia is first topical lunricants.  Sometimes topical anti-inflammatories are use for the short term.  However, if the pterygia is large or approaching the visual axis, the treatment is surgical removal with conjunctival autograft.  An antimetabolite is administered during the surgery to help reduce regrowth.  We are now also using Amniotic tissue membrane to cover the area once the pterygia is removed

 

Before and after surgery.